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Table 3 Independent association of socio-demographic, lifestyle and PSE with Hypertension in the NHANNES Data

From: Passive smoking exposure and the risk of hypertension among non-smoking adults: the 2015–2016 NHANES data

Characteristics

All

< 60 years

≥60 years

aOR (95%CI)

P

aOR (95%CI)

P

aOR (95%CI)

P

Sex

 (Men)

1.295 (1.293, 1.296)

< 0.0001

1.661 (1.658, 1.663)

< 0.0001

0.765 (0.764, 0.767)

< 0.0001

Age (in years)

1.080 (1.079, 1.080)

< 0.0001

1.082 (1.081, 1.082)

< 0.0001

1.036 (1.036, 1.036)

< 0.0001

Racea

(Hispanics only)

0.522 (0.521, 0.523)

< 0.0001

0.494 (0.493, 0.495)

< 0.0001

0.680 (0.677, 0.682)

< 0.0001

(Black only)

0.629 (0.627, 0.630)

< 0.0001

0.564 (0.563, 0.566)

< 0.0001

0.999 (0.994, 1.004)

0.706

(Others)

1.298 (1.295, 1.301)

< 0.0001

1.320 (1.317, 1.323)

< 0.0001

1.302 (1.296, 1.309)

< 0.0001

Employed (Yes)

0.977 (0.976, 0.979)

< 0.0001

0.906 (0.905, 0.908)

< 0.0001

0.944 (0.942, 0.946)

< 0.0001

Income (>$24,999)

0.758 (0.757, 0.759)

< 0.0001

0.886 (0.884, 0.888)

< 0.0001

0.615 (0.614, 0.617)

< 0.0001

Marital Statusb

 (Married only)

1.053 (1.051, 1.055)

< 0.0001

1.083 (1.081, 1.085)

< 0.0001

0.811 (0.807, 0.814)

< 0.0001

  (Widow/Divorced/Separated)

1.204 (1.201, 1.206)

< 0.0001

1.379 (1.376, 1.383)

< 0.0001

0.823 (0.819, 0.827)

< 0.0001

Alcohol use (Yes)

1.163 (1.162, 1.165)

< 0.0001

1.186 (1.184, 1.188)

< 0.0001

1.129 (1.127, 1.131)

< 0.0001

BMIc

 (Overweight)

2.219 (2.216, 2.223)

< 0.0001

2.707 (2.702, 2.712)

< 0.0001

1.728 (1.724, 1.732)

< 0.0001

  (Obese)

3.995 (3.990, 4.001)

< 0.0001

4.839 (4.830, 4.848)

< 0.0001

3.137 (3.130, 3.145)

< 0.0001

PSE (Yes)

1.038 (1.037, 1.040)

< 0.0001

1.095 (1.094, 1.097)

< 0.0001

1.110 (1.108, 1.113)*

< 0.0001

  1. a - White only as a reference; b - never married as reference; c – normal weight as reference; PSE Passive smoke exposure
  2. *Attenuated by BMI