Table 1 Background characteristics of the participants and prevalence of hypertension according to covariates

Age group

 18–29

22.02

77.98

9.7

90.3

10.81

89.19

14.9

85.1

9.88

90.12

 30–49

32.22

67.78

23.34

76.66

33.99

66.01

28.14

71.86

24.54

75.46

 50–69

50.2

49.8

38.49

61.51

51.57

48.43

45.74

54.26

51.69

48.31

p-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Gender

 Male

26.24

73.76

17.33

82.67

32.59

67.41

32.37

67.63

25.82

74.18

 Female

36.84

63.16

25.79

74.21

23.91

76.09

21.83

78.17

28.55

71.45

p-value

 < 0.01

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.1074

Education

 No formal schooling

36.21

63.79

24.53

75.47

35.76

64.24

33.02

66.98

39.83

60.17

 Up to primary

32.83

67.17

20.09

79.91

31.06

68.94

29.05

70.95

34.11

65.89

 Up to secondary

17.75

82.25

20.48

79.52

18.21

81.79

18.96

81.04

25.9

74.1

 College and higher

9.34

90.66

20.4

79.6

32.5

67.5

24.63

75.37

21.54

78.46

p-value

0.055

0.055

0.055

0.055

0.055

Current smoking

 Yes

26.95

73.05

14.16

85.84

22.01

77.99

32.72

67.28

25.75

74.25

 No

31.25

68.75

23.94

76.06

29.42

70.58

25.48

74.52

27.37

72.63

p-value

0.5514

 < 0.001

0.0124

0.003

0.5198

Alcohol use in last 30 days

 Yes

50.07

49.93

13.42

86.58

33.21

66.79

36.7

63.3

29.48

70.52

 No

30.74

69.26

22.35

77.65

21.65

78.35

22.65

77.35

26

74

p-value

0.232

0.0024

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.0598

Sufficient fruit and vegetable intake

 Yes

29.37

70.63

18.99

81.01

27.29

72.71

22.96

77.04

29.28

70.72

 No

31.04

68.96

22.34

77.66

29.44

70.56

27.33

72.67

25.1

74.9

p-value

0.7622

0.0506

0.2175

0.2034

0.0194

Adequate physical activity

 Yes

24.43

75.57

14.29

85.71

24.51

75.49

26.72

73.28

21.66

78.34

 No

31.82

68.18

23.2

76.8

29.7

70.3

26.8

73.2

27.74

72.26

p-value

0.1282

 < 0.001

0.0223

0.9788

0.0472

Diabetes

 No

26.73

73.27

19.18

80.82

27.79

72.21

25.6

74.4

24.18

75.82

 Yes

62.55

37.45

49.38

50.62

59.15

40.85

45.25

54.75

53.05

46.95

p-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

BMI category

 Under weight

10.39

82.5

9.16

84.28

8.41

81.91

16.5

78.32

17.21

80.5

 Normal Weight

17.5

89.61

15.72

90.84

18.09

91.59

21.68

83.5

19.5

82.79

 Overweight

29.06

70.94

29.17

70.83

29.95

70.05

29.82

70.18

32.55

67.45

 Obesity

55.26

44.74

38.96

61.04

43.36

56.64

46.83

53.17

47.68

52.32

p-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Abdominal Obesity

 No

16.08

83.92

15.19

84.81

22.96

77.04

22.12

77.88

19.96

80.04

 Yes

43.66

56.34

38.22

61.78

38.21

61.79

37.61

62.39

38.3

61.7

p-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Abdominal obesity, body mass index

 No, Normal

13.95

86.05

14.27

85.73

17.82

82.18

20.81

79.19

18.59

81.41

 No, Underweight

7.25

92.75

9.14

90.86

8.11

91.89

16.45

83.55

16.85

83.15

 No, Overweight

20.27

79.73

22.48

77.52

27.95

72.05

27.3

72.7

26.15

73.85

 No, Obesity

33.94

66.06

28.6

71.4

45.89

54.11

29.32

70.68

25.76

74.24

 Yes, Normal

28.2

71.8

40.76

59.24

22.27

77.73

27.12

72.88

23.32

76.68

 Yes, Underweight

22.37

77.63

10.08

89.92

25.24

74.76

18.56

81.44

23.16

76.84

 Yes, Overweight

34.99

65.01

36.96

63.04

33.5

66.5

33.06

66.94

37.01

62.99

 Yes, Obesity

57.67

42.33

39.83

60.17

42.91

57.09

51.22

48.78

50.63

49.37

p-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001