Table 1 Demographic characteristics of all 208 patients

Age (years)

58.2 + 16.7

53.5 + 16.9

63.0 + 15.0

Male n (%)

77 (37)

44 (42.3)

33 (31.7)

Body weight (kg)

65.6 + 13.4

67.3 + 14.0

63.9 + 12.6

BMI (kg/m²)*

24.6 (21.7, 27.5)

24.7 (21.8, 27.6)

24.2 (21.5, 27.2)

Smoking n (%)

10 (4.8)

10 (9.6)

0 (0)

 Diabetes mellitus

47 (22.6)

13 (12.5)

34 (32.7)

 Dyslipidemia

122 (58.7)

50 (48.1)

72 (69.2)

 Obstructive sleep apnea

15 (7.2)

8 (7.7)

7 (6.7)

 Ischemic stroke

12 (5.8)

2 (1.9)

10 (9.6)

 Coronary artery disease

10 (4.8)

4 (3.8)

6 (5.8)

 Heart failure

1 (0.5)

1 (1)

0 (0)

 Chronic kidney disease

38 (18.3)

13 (12.5)

25 (24)

Number and type of anti-hypertensive medications n (%)

 1

50 (24)

24 (23.1)

26 (25)

 2

39 (18.8)

22 (21.2)

17 (16.3)

 3

33 (15.9)

15 (14.4)

18 (17.3)

 4

19 (9.1)

6 (5.8)

13 (12.5)

 5

6 (2.9)

3 (2.9)

3 (2.9)

Diuretics

28 (13.5)

15 (14.4)

13 (12.5)

CCBs

95 (45.7)

40 (38.5)

55 (52.9)

ACEIs

34 (16.3)

18 (17.3)

16 (15.4)

ARBs

66 (31.7)

30 (28.8)

36 (34.6)

Beta blockers

57 (27.4)

22 (21.2)

35 (33.7)

Peripheral alpha-1 blockers

27 (13)

11 (10.6)

16 (15.4)

Central acting alpha-2 agonists

9 (4.3)

4 (3.8)

5 (4.8)

Direct vasodilators

13 (6.2)

10 (9.6)

3 (2.9)

 Hemoglobin (g/L)^a

132 (120, 145)

134 (125, 148)

130 (117, 140)

 Hematocrit (%)

40.6 + 4.8

41.6 + 4.5

39.7 + 4.8

 RDW (%)^a

13.6 (12.8, 14.6)

13.4 (12.7, 14.6)

13.7 (12.9, 14.6)

 MCV (fl)^a

88.5 (82.2, 91.9)

87.8 (80.9, 91.0)

89.1 (84.0, 92.0)

 NLR^a

1.80 (1.33, 2.44)

1.79 (1.29, 2.50)

1.85 (1.42, 2.36)

 PLR^a

123.25 (97.18, 161.71)

128.39 (98.91, 166.90)

120.95 (95.09, 158.13)

 Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)^a

5.5 (5.1, 6.3)

5.4 (4.9, 5.9)

5.8 (5.3, 6.4)

 HbA1c (%)^a

6.0 (5.6, 6.5)

6.0 (5.7, 6.4)

6.0 (5.6, 6.6)

 Cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.72 + 0.91

4.84 + 0.89

4.61 + 0.92

 Triglyceride (mmol/L)^a

1.12 (0.88, 1.58)

1.15 (0.92, 1.71)

1.11 (0.87, 1.55)

 HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.53 + 0.44

1.51 + 0.47

1.55 + 0.41

 LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.61 + 0.84

2.72 + 0.86

2.50 + 0.80

 Uric acid (mmol/L)

0.35 + 0.10

0.36 + 0.11

0.33 + 0.10

 Abnormal proteinuria n (%)

55 (26.4)

20 (19.2)

35 (33.7)

 Serum creatinine (μmol/L)^a

76.02 (64.53, 97.24)

76.02 (63.65, 94.59)

76.02 (64.53, 103.43)

 eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

80.22 + 24.25

84.69 + 22.98

75.75 + 24.76