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Table 2 Comparison of the routine use of sedative medications, involuntary napping, and leg restlessness during sleep between hypertensive cases and non-hypertensive controls based on sex, age group, BMI, place of residence, and total population

From: Association between blood pressure and parameters related to sleep disorders in Tabari cohort population

Variable

HTN

Has sedative routine use

Has nap involuntary at rest

Leg restlessness while sleep

Yes

(n = 758)

No

(n = 9,466)

P-value

Yes

(n = 2,093)

No

(n = 8,158)

P-value

Yes

(n = 1,267)

No

(n = 8,513)

I do not know

(n = 471)

P-value

Sex

 M

No

63.8

82.6

 < 0.001

78.0

82.7

0.002

78.6

82.4

76.2

0.024

Yes

36.2

17.4

22.0

17.3

21.4

17.6

23.8

 F

No

55.5

77.1

 < 0.001

68.8

76.7

 < 0.001

70.6

76.0

71.6

0.002

Yes

44.5

22.9

31.2

23.3

29.4

24.0

28.4

Age (yr)

 35–44

No

74.8

93.0

 < 0.001

89.7

92.5

0.054

89.2

92.4

93.2

0.113

Yes

25.2

7.0

10.3

7.5

10.8

7.6

6.8

 45–54

No

62.5

81.5

 < 0.001

79.3

80.2

0.623

80.9

79.9

78.8

0.853

Yes

37.5

18.5

20.7

19.8

19.1

20.1

21.2

 55–70

No

45.9

63.9

 < 0.001

61.3

62.5

0.519

57.5

63.2

59.0

0.030

Yes

54.1

36.1

38.7

37.5

42.5

36.8

41.0

BMI (kg/m2)

  < 25

No

61.5

88.9

 < 0.001

85.8

87.4

0.340

83.2

88.1

79.4

0.002

Yes

38.5

11.1

14.2

12.6

16.8

11.9

20.6

 25–29.9

No

63.2

79.5

 < 0.001

71.6

80.0

 < 0.001

73.8

79.3

71.6

0.001

Yes

36.8

20.5

28.4

20.0

26.2

20.7

28.4

  ≥ 30

No

49.7

72.4

 < 0.001

63.8

72.1

 < 0.001

66.2

71.0

70.3

0.113

Yes

50.3

27.6

36.2

27.9

33.8

29.0

29.7

WC (cm)

 M < 102

No

66

85.8

 < 0.001

80.7

85.7

 < 0.001

82.6

85.3

78.1

0.004

 F < 88

Yes

34

14.2

19.3

14.3

17.4

14.7

21.9

 M ≥ 102

No

52.3

72.5

 < 0.001

64.5

72.2

 < 0.001

65.1

71.5

68.5

0.003

 F ≥ 88

Yes

47.7

27.5

35.5

27.8

34.9

28.5

31.5

Place of residence

 Urban

No

59.4

80.4

0.001

72.6

79.7

0.001

76.8

78.9

80.2

0.387

Yes

40.6

19.6

27.4

20.3

23.2

21.1

19.8

 Mountainous

No

53.2

77.4

0.001

72.3

77.4

0.002

69.5

78.1

68.0

0.001

Yes

46.8

22.6

27.7

22.6

30.5

21.9

32.0

TG (mg/dL)

  < 150

No

58.8

81.7

 < 0.001

75.1

81.4

 < 0.001

77.4

80.8

75.5

0.015

Yes

41.2

18.3

24.9

18.6

22.6

19.2

24.5

  ≥ 150

No

56.2

76.1

 < 0.001

68.6

75.9

 < 0.001

68.2

75.7

69.6

 < 0.001

Yes

43.8

23.9

31.4

24.1

31.8

24.3

30.4

HDL-C (mg/dL)

 M > 40

No

61.3

80.1

 < 0.001

73.8

80

 < 0.001

74.7

79.6

74

 < 0.001

 F > 50

Yes

38.7

19.9

26.2

20

25.3

20.4

26

 M ≤ 40

No

50.7

78

 < 0.001

69.5

77.3

 < 0.001

70.8

76.8

71.5

0.014

 F ≤ 50

Yes

49.3

22

30.5

22.7

29.2

23.2

28.5

TC (mg/dL)

  < 200

No

56.2

79.4

 < 0.001

73.2

78.8

 < 0.001

72.8

78.6

73.4

 < 0.001

Yes

43.8

20.6

26.8

21.2

27.2

21.4

26.6

  ≥ 200

No

59.7

79.5

 < 0.001

71.2

79.6

 < 0.001

74.3

78.8

72.9

0.020

Yes

40.3

20.5

28.8

20.4

25.7

21.2

27.1

Total population

No

57.6

79.4

 < 0.001

72.5

79.1

 < 0.001

73.4

78.7

73.2

 < 0.001

Yes

42.4

20.6

27.5

20.9

26.6

21.3

26.8

  1. BMI body mass index, HTN hypertension, M male, F female, WC waist circumference, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol