Table 1 Comparison of sleep duration and time interval between going to bed and sleeping in hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive controls based on sex, age group, BMI, place of residence, and total population
Variable | HTN | Sleep duration (hours) | Throw sleep (hours) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 6 (n = 1,168) | 6–10 (n = 8,459) | > 10 (n = 624) | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | ≤ 15 (n = 5,758) | 16–30 (n = 2,277) | 31–60 (n = 1,456) | > 60 (n = 760) | P-value | ||
Sex | ||||||||||||
M | No | 84.1 | 81.9 | 75.0 | 0.021 | 7.57 ± 1.50 | 0.018 | 81.8 | 82.5 | 79.4 | 82.1 | 0.623 |
Yes | 15.9 | 18.1 | 25.0 | 7.71 ± 1.56 | 18.2 | 17.5 | 20.6 | 17.9 | ||||
F | No | 70.2 | 75.9 | 74.8 | 0.003 | 7.64 ± 1.70 | < 0.001 | 77.1 | 77.8 | 71.1 | 66.1 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 29.8 | 24.1 | 25.2 | 7.43 ± 1.81 | 22.9 | 22.2 | 28.9 | 33.9 | ||||
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
35–44 | No | 91.4 | 92.2 | 92.8 | 0.848 | 7.76 ± 1.53 | 0.308 | 92.6 | 91.9 | 90.2 | 92.1 | 0.419 |
Yes | 8.6 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 7.66 ± 1.62 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 9.8 | 7.9 | ||||
45–54 | No | 78.7 | 80.3 | 77.5 | 0.503 | 7.57 ± 1.58 | 0.848 | 81.8 | 82.0 | 74.6 | 71.1 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 21.3 | 19.7 | 22.5 | 7.56 ± 1.67 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 25.4 | 28.6 | ||||
55–70 | No | 63.0 | 62.5 | 55.8 | 0.129 | 7.45 ± 1.77 | 0.585 | 63.3 | 62.7 | 60.6 | 57 | 0.128 |
Yes | 37.0 | 37.5 | 44.2 | 7.48 ± 1.79 | 36.7) | 37.3 | 34.9 | 43.0 | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||||
< 25 | No | 82.6 | 87.8 | 84.5 | 0.033 | 7.57 ± 1.63 | 0.070 | 87.7 | 88.4 | 84.0 | 81.6 | 0.044 |
Yes | 17.4 | 12.2 | 15.5 | 7.39 ± 1.71 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 16.0 | 18.4 | ||||
25–29.9 | No | 75.5 | 78.9 | 76.0 | 0.161 | 7.63 ± 1.58 | 0.320 | 79.3 | 80.0 | 75.2 | 70.3 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 24.5 | 21.1 | 24.0 | 7.57 ± 1.69 | 20.7 | 20.0 | 24.8 | 29.7 | ||||
≥ 30 | No | 68.5 | 70.8 | 68.1 | 0.463 | 7.62 ± 1.66 | 0.154 | 72.6 | 73.0 | 65.0 | 60.9 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 31.5 | 29.2 | 31.9 | 7.53 ± 1.79 | 27.4 | 27.0 | 35.0 | 39.1 | ||||
WC (cm) | ||||||||||||
M < 102 | No | 83 | 85.1 | 81.3 | 0.120 | 7.61 ± 1.57 | 0.486 | 85.1 | 85.1 | 83 | 81.5 | 0.277 |
F, < 88 | Yes | 17 | 14.9 | 18.7 | 7.57 ± 1.64 | 14.9 | 14.9 | 17 | 18.5 | |||
M ≥ 102 | No | 67.5 | 71.1 | 69.4 | 0.166 | 7.62 ± 1.69 | 0.036 | 72.1 | 74 | 66.4 | 62.3 | < 0.001 |
F ≥ 88 | Yes | 32.5 | 28.9 | 30.6 | 7.51 ± 1.79 | 27.9 | 26 | 33.6 | 37.7 | |||
Place of residence | ||||||||||||
Urban | No | 77.8 | 79.1 | 75.2 | 0.106 | 7.75 ± 1.57 | 0.748 | 79.09 | 80.7 | 74.4 | 69.8 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 22.2 | 20.9 | 24.8 | 7.77 ± 1.68 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 25.6 | 30.2 | ||||
Mountainous | No | 71.2 | 76.7 | 73.0 | 0.021 | 7.29 ± 1.69 | 0.002 | 78.3 | 76.3 | 71.1 | 67.1 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 28.8 | 23.3 | 27.0 | 7.07 ± 1.75 | 21.7 | 23.7 | 28.9 | 32.9 | ||||
TG (mg/dL) | ||||||||||||
< 150 | No | 77.1 | 80.7 | 78.3 | 0.060 | 7.56 ± 1.62 | 0.065 | 81.4 | 81.4 | 76.2 | 72.7 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 22.9 | 19.3 | 21.7 | 7.47 ± 1.73 | 18.6 | 18.6 | 23.8 | 27.3 | ||||
≥ 150 | No | 71.3 | 75.2 | 70.9 | 0.071 | 7.69 ± 1.62 | 0.124 | 76.4 | 77 | 69.2 | 63.7 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 28.7 | 24.8 | 29.1 | 7.60 ± 1.75 | 23.6 | 23 | 30.8 | 36.3 | ||||
HDL-C (mg/dL) | ||||||||||||
M > 40 | No | 77.2 | 79.1 | 75.7 | 0.143 | 7.56 ± 1.62 | 0.162 | 80.4 | 80.8 | 72.5 | 71.1 | < 0.001 |
F > 50 | Yes | 22.8 | 20.9 | 24.3 | 7.49 ± 1.69 | 19.6 | 19.2 | 27.5 | 28.9 | |||
M ≤ 40 | No | 69.9 | 76.8 | 73.6 | 0.009 | 7.72 ± 1.63 | 0.054 | 77.2 | 77.4 | 74.5 | 64.5 | < 0.001 |
F ≤ 50 | Yes | 30.1 | 23.2 | 26.4 | 7.59 ± 1.82 | 22.8 | 22.6 | 25.5 | 35.5 | |||
TC (mg/dL) | ||||||||||||
< 200 | No | 76.2 | 78.2 | 73.8 | 0.078 | 7.61 ± 1.61 | 0.540 | 79 | 79.2 | 73.6 | 69.7 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 23.8 | 21.8 | 26.2 | 7.58 ± 1.70 | 21 | 20.8 | 26.4 | 30.3 | ||||
≥ 200 | No | 72.8 | 78.7 | 76.7 | 0.015 | 7.62 ± 1.65 | 0.007 | 80 | 80.3 | 72.7 | 67.2 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 27.2 | 21.3 | 23.3 | 7.43 ± 1.81 | 20 | 19.7 | 27.3 | 32.8 | ||||
Total population | No | 74.8 | 25.2 | 74.8 | 0.005 | 7.61 ± 1.62 | 0.032 | 79.4 | 79.6 | 73.2 | 68.7 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 25.2 | 21.6 | 25.2 | 7.53 ± 1.74 | 20.6 | 20.4 | 26.8 | 31.3 | ||||