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Table 4 Changes in quality of life of study participants in the three groups at baseline and after 3 months

From: Self-care of hypertension of older adults during COVID-19 lockdown period: a randomized controlled trial

Quality of life

Intervention

m.App alone

Standard

Test (ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis)

P-value between groups

Physical functioning

 Before

45.67

45.41

48.37

0.194

0.824

 After

53.51

51.94

48.64

0.492

0.613

 Mean change

7.84

6.52

0.27

 

 Paired test

−4.400

−4.78

−0.52

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.600

Role limitations due to physical health problems

 Before

38.17

35.83

28.37

0.720

0.489

 After

72.29

60.41

30.40

20.95

0.001*

 Mean change

34.12

24.58

2.02

 

 Paired test

−5.156

−4.66

−1.00

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.324

Role limitations due to personal or emotional problems

 Before

56.29

62.94

56.74

0.248

0.781

 After

85.57

78.23

60.34

10.48

0.005*

 t-test

29.28

15.28

3.59

 

 Paired test

4.642

−3.66

−0.99

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.325

Pain

 Before

47.43

49.72

53.58

1.421

0.246

 After

65.81

62.91

55.25

10.38

0.006*

 Mean reduce

18.38

13.19

1.67

 

 Paired test

−7.195

−7.50

−1.43

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.161

Energy/fatigue

 Before

44.05

39.79

46.75

4.232

0.017

 After

55.40

49.79

47.16

13.52

0.001*

 Mean reduce

11.35

10.00

0.40

 

 Paired test

−7.999

−9.44

−0.44

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.661

Emotional well-being

 Before

60.21

61.44

63.67

1.154

0.319

 After

69.86

68.38

64.64

5.92

0.052

 Mean reduce

9.65

6.94

0.97

 

 Paired test

−5.715

−6.36

−1.42

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.163

Social functioning

 Before

51.00

50.76

53.71

0.400

0.671

 After

65.81

59.72

54.39

9.70

0.008*

 Mean reduce

14.81

8.95

0.67

 

 Paired test

−7.346

−6.14

−0.46

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

0.644

General

 Before

56.08

55.00

55.94

0.159

0.853

 After

60.40

59.30

55.94

5.61

0.060

 Mean reduce

4.32

4.30

0.00

 

 Paired test

−4.852

−5.74

0.00

P-value

0.001*

0.001*

1.000

  1. Data are presented as mean values
  2. * Significant value