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Table 1 Study summaries of heart rate variability and preeclampsia

From: Nonlinear analysis of heart rhythm in preeclampsia: a route for translational clinical applications in neuroinflammation

Study

Sample size

Monitoring method

HRV measure

Conclusions

Clinical: maternal

Chaswal et al.

(2018 )[9]

120

HRV

Linear

A reduction in autonomic vagal modulation and an increase in sympathetic autonomic modulation in preeclampsia.

Clinical: maternal

Yang et al.

(2000 )[40]

45

HRV

Linear

Preeclampsia is associated with a facilitation of sympathetic regulation and attenuation of parasympathetic influence of heart rate.

Clinical: maternal

Faber et al. (2004 )[57]

161

HRV

Linear

Nonlinear

Parameters of the HRV differ between various hypertensive pregnancy disorders.

Preclinical: fetal

Abuiessa et al. (2020 )[60]

64

HRV

Linear

Preeclampsia accentuates endotoxic manifestations of hypotension, tachycardia, and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in male offspring.

Clinical: maternal

Speranza et al.

(2019 )[61]

60

HRV

Linear

Autonomic activity increases during postpartum in preeclamptic women with severe features.

Clinical: maternal and fetal

Lakhno.

(2017 )[62]

106

HRV

Fetal CTG

Linear

The maternal and fetal hemodynamic coupling was reduced in preeclampsia.

Clinical: maternal and fetal

Hoyer et al. (2017 )[63]

106

HRV

Linear

A sympathetic overactivity and the lack of vagal regulation lead to the loss of link between maternal and fetal correlations of heart rate patterns in severe preeclampsia.

Clinical: maternal

Hossen et al. (2017 )[64]

40

HRV

Linear

During pregnancy and preeclampsia, parasympathetic activities are reduced, and sympathetic activities are increased compared to healthy women.

Clinical: maternal

Musa et al.

(2016 )[65]

120

HRV

Linear

A dominant cardiac sympathetic modulation on patients with preeclampsia was found, probably secondary to parasympathetic withdrawal.

Clinical: fetal

Lakhno.

(2014 )[66]

160

HRV

Linear

A decreased fetal autonomic tone and predominance sympathetic regulation was marked in preeclampsia.

  1. HRV heart rate variability, CTG cardiotocography
  2. HRV extracted from the maternal or fetal electrocardiogram