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Table 1 Comparison of respondents according to hypertension status, NHANES 2007–18

From: Association between height and hypertension among US adults: analyses of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–18

Variables

Overall, % (n)

By Hypertension

No Hypertension, % (n)

Hypertension, % (n)

p-values

Age (in year)

 20–39

39.9 (7697)

18.5 (1659)

58.3 (6038)

< 0.001

 40–59

34.5 (6959)

38.6 (3674)

31.0 (3285)

 

 60+

25.6 (7279)

42.9 (5830)

10.7 (1449)

 

Gender

 Male

47.1 (10,499)

50.1 (5671)

44.6 (4828)

< 0.001

 Female

52.9 (11,436)

49.9 (5492)

55.4 (5944)

 

Race/Ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic White

62.8 (8798)

65.4 (4614)

60.6 (4184)

< 0.001

 Non-Hispanic Black

12.3 (4714)

14.5 (2850)

10.5 (1864)

 

 Mexican-American

10.4 (3641)

7.8 (1560)

12.5 (2081)

 

 Other races/ethnicities

14.5 (4782)

12.3 (2139)

16.4 (2643)

 

Family income to poverty ratio

 Low

25.6 (7533)

23.7 (3672)

27.2 (3861)

< 0.001

 Middle

33.0 (7615)

34.2 (4047)

32.0 (3568)

 

 High

41.4 (6787)

42.0 (3444)

40.8 (3343)

 

Education level

 Below High School

19.4 (6057)

21.3 (3399)

17.8 (2658)

< 0.001

 High School

60.2 (12,241)

61.7 (6203)

58.9 (6038)

 

 College Graduate or Above

20.4 (3637)

16.9 (1561)

23.4 (2076)

 

Total cholesterol level

 No high cholesterol

44.0 (9301)

30.6 (3388)

55.5 (5913)

< 0.001

 Borderline elevated

17.8 (3823)

16.6 (1770)

18.8 (2053)

 

 High cholesterol

38.2 (8811)

52.8 (6005)

25.7 (2806)

 

High-density lipoprotein (in mg/dl)

 Normal

66.9 (14,551)

64.4 (7257)

69.0 (7294)

< 0.001

 Low

33.1 (7384)

35.6 (3906)

31.0 (3478)

 

Chronic kidney disease

 No

84.7 (17,809)

75.2 (7930)

92.8 (9879)

< 0.001

 Yes

15.3 (4126)

24.8 (3233)

7.2 (893)

 

Diabetes mellitus status

 No

87.1 (18,260)

78.5 (8304)

94.4 (9956)

< 0.001

 Yes

12.9 (3675)

21.5 (2859)

5.6 (816)

 

Smoker

 No

76.9 (16,945)

79.1 (8857)

75.0 (8088)

< 0.001

 Yes

23.1 (4990)

20.9 (2306)

25.0 (2684)

 

Leisure time physical activity (in minutes)

 No/Low

50.9 (12,249)

58.3 (6874)

44.6 (5375)

0.20

 Some (< 150 min)

15.7 (3134)

15.2 (1582)

16.0 (1552)

 

 High (≥150 min)

33.4 (6552)

26.5 (2707)

39.3 (3845)

 

Survey year

 2007–10

31.9 (7791)

31.3 (3911)

32.4 (3880)

0.20

 2011–14

34.3 (7236)

33.9 (3547)

34.6 (3689)

 

 2015–18

33.8 (6908)

34.8 (3705)

32.9 (3203)

 

Height categories

 Q1 (135.3–159.2)

20.6 (5476)

22.7 (2941)

18.8 (2535)

< 0.001

 Q2 (159.3–166.2)

24.8 (5460)

22.9 (2641)

26.4 (2819)

 

 Q3 (166.3–173.6)

25.0 (5474)

24.3 (2764)

25.7 (2710)

 

 Q4 173.7–204.5)

29.5 (5525)

30.0 (2817)

29.1 (2708)

 
  1. Numbers are presented as weighted column percentages and unweighted numbers, p-values were obtained with chi-square tests
  2. NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey