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Table 1 Changes of hemodynamic parameters after isometric handgrip exercise (N = 37)

From: Association of changes of pulse wave velocity and augmentation index after isometric handgrip exercise with coronary lesion extent and revascularization

 

Baseline

1 min

2 min

3 min

Heart rate (/min)

64.2 ± 9.2

67.5 ± 10.1*

68.9 ± 10.2*†

70.6 ± 12.9*†

Central systolic BP (mmHg)

118.4 ± 20.6

135.1 ± 21.4*

138.9 ± 22.5*†

140.4 ± 22.9*†

Central diastolic BP (mmHg)

63.4 ± 10.3

71.0 ± 10.6*

72.1 ± 11.3*†

72.7 ± 11.2*†

Central PP (mmHg)

55.0 ± 17.6

64.2 ± 18.2*

66.8 ± 19.2*†

67.7 ± 18.7*†

Forward pressure (mmHg)

108.7 ± 19.4

121.4 ± 20.7*

124.7 ± 21.8*†

126.2 ± 22.6*†

Augmentation pressure (mmHg)

9.7 ± 6.6

13.7 ± 8.3*

14.2 ± 8.5*

14.2 ± 8.7*

Augmentation index (%)

17.4 ± 10.5

21.2 ± 11.5*

21.5 ± 11.5*

21.4 ± 11.7*

Peripheral systolic BP (mmHg)

125.0 ± 20.4

  

140.7 ± 25.0*

Peripheral diastolic BP (mmHg)

62.2 ± 10.1

  

65.1 ± 10.3*

Peripheral PP (mmHg)

62.8 ± 18.4

  

75.7 ± 21.4*

Pulse wave velocity (m/sec)

9.99 ± 1.84

  

10.81 ± 2.33*

  1. Values are mean ± standard deviation
  2. *p < 0.05 vs. baseline, †p < 0.05 vs. 1 min
  3. BP Blood pressure, PP Pulse pressure