Table 1 Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics according to the diurnal variation

Age, years

52.0 ± 12.1

50.4 ± 13.7

52.2 ± 15.0

0.492

Male gender, n (%)

34 (47.9 %)

93 (63.3 %)

65 (46.4 %)**

0.010

Body mass index, kg/m²

23.2 ± 2.8

24.7 ± 3.6*

25.2 ± 4.0*

0.001

Office systolic BP, mmHg

124 ± 12.1

131 ± 17.2*

132 ± 17.9*

0.008

Office diastolic BP, mmHg

72.5 ± 10.7

79.3 ± 13.3*

78.5 ± 13.3*

0.002

Heart rate, bpm

64.5 ± 13.3

65.8 ± 9.6

68.2 ± 12.5*

0.033

Current smoking, n (%)

7 (9.6 %)

22 (15.0 %)

19 (13.6 %)

0.422

Diabetes, n (%)

5 (7.0 %)

11 (7.5 %)

12 (8.6 %)

0.908

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

23 (32.4 %)

50 (34.1 %)

55 (39.3 %)

0.077

Previous BP medication

RAS blockade, n (%)

-

26 (17.7 %)

31 (22.1 %)

0.211

Beta blocker, n (%)

-

17 (11.6 %)

33 (23.6 %)

0.005

Calcium channel blocker, n (%)

-

26 (17.7 %)

36 (25.7 %)

0.065

Diuretics, n (%)

-

7 (4.7 %)

16 (11.4 %)

0.030

Uric acid, mg/L

5.45 ± 1.48

5.65 ± 1.44

5.60 ± 1.35

0.741

eGFR MDRD

100.0 ± 24.2

96.0 ± 23.1

95.4 ± 27.4

0.467

Creatinine, mg/dL

0.78 ± 0.20

0.89 ± 0.51

0.90 ± 0.61

0.331

Fasting glucose, mg/dL

101 ± 14.7

100 ± 25.2

103 ± 23.4

0.645

Total cholesterol, mg/dL

178 ± 44.3

190 ± 43.5

181 ± 38.2

0.124

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

102 ± 39.3

108 ± 35.6

102 ± 34.7

0.317

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

46.4 ± 13.7

50.3 ± 13.7

49.7 ± 12.2

0.194

Triglycerides, mg/dL

127 ± 63.0

163 ± 173

149 ± 92.4

0.230

Hs-CRP, mg/dL

0.11 ± 0.15

0.23 ± 1.04

0.39 ± 1.15

0.259

White blood cells, 10³/μL

7.05 ± 2.35

6.92 ± 2.06

7.49 ± 2.57

0.117

Hemoglobin, g/dL

13.5 ± 1.5

13.8 ± 1.7

14.2 ± 1.5*

0.008

Hematocrit, %

40.0 ± 4.7

40.6 ± 4.9

41.8 ± 4.6*

0.021

Platelets, 10³/μL

217 ± 52.9

226 ± 53.4

237 ± 61.1*

0.028