Table 1 Descriptive characteristics in women with versus without preeclampsia among 15541 parous women in Shanghai, 2017 to 2021
Characteristic | Never suffered from PE n= 15007 | Primary PE n= 534 | Primary PE n= 534 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early-onset preterm PE n= 52 | Late-onset preterm PE n= 114 | Term PE n= 368 | |||
Maternal age, y | 34.1 (3.6) | 34.3 (4.0) | 35.4 (4.2) | 34.6 (4.3) | 34.1 (3.9) |
Gestational age at delivery, week, median (IQR) | 38.9 (1.3) | 38.6 (1.9) | 34.2 (5.8) | 37.1 (1.9) | 39.0 (1.3) |
Maternal height, cm | 161.5 (4.8) | 161.6 (5.0) | 161.6 (5.2) | 161.6 (4.9) | 161.7 (5.0) |
College degree or above (%) | 13,361 (89.0) | 444 (83.1)a | 45 (86.5) | 88 (77.2) | 311 (84.5) |
Smoker (%) | 40 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) |
Mode of conception | |||||
 Natural conceived (%) | 14,449 (96.3) | 508 (95.1)b | 47 (90.4) | 106 (93.0) | 355 (96.5) |
 ART (%) | 558 (3.7) | 26 (4.9) | 5 (9.6) | 7 (7.0) | 13 (3.5) |
 Gravidity | 2.9 (1.1) | 3.0 (1.1) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.0 (1.2) | 3.0 (1.1) |
 Parity | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.1) |
Maternal complications | |||||
 GDM (%) | 2,992 (19.9) | 144 (27.0)a | 16 (30.8) | 36 (31.6) | 92 (25.0) |
 Liver disease (%) | 1,158 (7.7) | 42 (7.9) | 3 (5.8) | 6 (5.3) | 33 (9.0) |
 Renal disease (%) | 157 (1.0) | 9 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.6) | 6 (1.6) |
 Thyroid disease (%) | 3,742 (24.9) | 113 (21.2) | 13 (25.0) | 24 (21.1) | 76 (20.7) |
 Male sex (%) | 7,755 (51.7) | 274 (51.3) | 26 (50.0) | 67 (58.8) | 181 (49.2) |
 Fetal weight, g | 3,368.8 (426.5) | 3,218.5 (630.1)a | 2,623.7 (774.1) | 3,141.8 (614.6) | 3,326.3 (559.8) |
 Neonatal hospitalization (%) | 1,184 (7.9) | 83 (15.5)a | 16 (30.8) | 24 (21.1) | 43 (11.7) |
 BMI in early pregnancy, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 21.8 (3.4) | 22.9 (4.4)a | 22.7 (5.2) | 23.3 (4.0) | 22.8 (4.2) |
 Underweight (<18.5) (%) | 953 (6.4) | 41 (7.7) | 5 (9.6) | 6 (5.3) | 30 (8.2) |
 Normal weight (18.5-24.9) (%) | 11,997 (79.9) | 348 (65.2) | 31 (59.6) | 75 (65.8) | 242 (65.8) |
 Overweight or obese (≥25) (%) | 2,057 (13.7) | 145 (27.2) | 16 (30.8) | 33 (28.9) | 96 (26.1) |
 Gestational age at diagnosis of PE, week | ... | 37.3 (2.8) | 30.5 (2.1) | 35.7 (0.8) | 38.8 (1.0) |
 Gestational weight gain at delivery, kg, median (IQR) | 12.10 (4.90) | 12.40 (6.13) | 10.60 (5.58) | 13.05 (6.95) | 12.40 (5.70) |
 Gestational weight gain at diagnosis of PE, kg | ... | 10.14 (5.02) | 8.28 (3.57) | 10.94 (5.28) | 10.15 (5.06) |
 Gestational weight gain at delivery, z score, median (IQR) | -0.27 (1.07) | -0.13 (1.21)a | 0.03 (1.21) | 0.16 (1.54) | -0.24 (1.15) |
 Gestational weight gain at diagnosis of PE, z score | ... | -0.19 (1.14) | 0.02 (1.06) | 0.00 (1.05) | -0.29 (1.18) |