Table 4 Comparison of symptom-limited exercise stress testing according to the diurnal variation

Exercise time, min

8.79 ± 2.02

7.84 ± 2.32*

7.69 ± 2.39*

<0.001

Metabolic equivalents

10.7 ± 2.3

9.7 ± 2.6*

9.4 ± 2.6*

<0.001

Rest heart rate, bpm

64.5 ± 13.3

65.8 ± 9.6

68.2 ± 12.5

0.061

Max heart rate, bpm

156 ± 26.4

162 ± 19.6

155 ± 24.2

0.064

HRR, bpm

71.7 ± 19.8

28.3 ± 21.1*

26.6 ± 19.4*

<0.001

Blunted HRR

0

43 (29.3 %)*

42 (30 %)*

<0.001

Rest systolic BP, mmHg

117 ± 11.5

135 ± 14.6*

134 ± 16.7*

<0.001

Rest diastolic BP, mmHg

70.7 ± 10.0

78.4 ± 14.3*

78.1 ± 13.1*

<0.001

Max systolic BP, mmHg

166 ± 23.1

185 ± 20.9*

181 ± 24.8*

<0.001

Max diastolic BP, mmHg

79.7 ± 12.9

86.5 ± 13.8*

85.5 ± 16.4*

0.005